Introduction of Communication and Networks :
Data
communications and networking have changed the way we do business and the way we
live. Business decisions have to be made ever more quickly, and the decision makers
require immediate access to accurate information. Why wait a week for that
report from Europe to arrive by mail when it could appear almost
instantaneously through computer networks? Businesses today rely on computer
networks and internetworks.
Data
communication and networking have found their way not only through business and
personal communication, they have found many applications in political and social
issues. People have found how to communicate with other people in the world to express
their social and political opinions and problems. Communities in the world are not
isolated anymore.
But
before we ask how quickly we can get hooked up, we need to know how networks operate,
what types of technologies are available, and which design best fills which set
of needs.
The
first section introduces data communications and defines their components and
the types of data exchanged. It also shows how different types of data are represented and how data is
flowed through the network.
❑ The second section introduces networks and defines their criteria
and structures. Itintroduces four different network topologies that are encountered
throughout the book.
❑ The third section discusses different types of networks: LANs,
WANs, and internetworks (internets). It
also introduces the Internet, the largest internet in the world. The concept of
switching is also introduced in this section to show how small networks can be
combined to create larger ones.
❑ The fourth section covers a brief history of the Internet. The
section is divided into three eras: early history, the birth of the Internet,
and the issues related to the Internet today. This section can be skipped if
the reader is familiar with this history.
❑ The fifth section covers standards and standards organizations. The
section covers Internet standards and Internet administration. We refer to
these standards and organizations throughout the book.
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By أحمد القاضي
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